Whisk together flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt in a bowl.
In another bowl, mix buttermilk, egg, melted butter, and vanilla until smooth.
Pour the wet mixture into the dry ingredients and stir gently until combined—don’t overmix.
Heat a nonstick skillet over medium heat and lightly grease with butter or cooking spray.
Spoon small amounts of batter (about a tablespoon each) onto the skillet.
Cook until bubbles form on top, then flip and cook the other side until golden brown.
Serve warm with syrup, fruit, or a dusting of powdered sugar.